nga kaihokohoko muka karboni
Nā ngā kaiwhakanoa raupō karbona te hanga i ngā maha whenua matatika e hanga ana i ngā rau hiko whakamua me te whakamahi i ngā kaupapa matatika. Nō reira, ka whakamahi ake ngā kaiwhakanoa nei i ngā tūtohu matataki me ngā momo hanganga tohutohu ki te whakaora i ngā pūngao polyacrylonitrile (PAN) rānei ko ngā pūngao pitch hei raupō karbona, he kiko hēkona ā-muri, he nui rawa te rangatohu. E ai ki te mahere hanga, e hia ngā wā whakahirahira, inā lā te whakawhanake, te karbona, me te whakariteiaki i runga i ngā tikanga whakahaere pai. Nō ngā kaiwhakanoa karbona o nehe atu, ka whakamahi i ngā whare hanga matataki me ngā raraunga tataki hoki hei tirotiro i te paetahi o te kaihono. Ko ēnei whare hanga e whai ana i ngā rārangi hanga matataki, ngā umu whakatakoto uhi hei whakangahau i te uhi, me ngā tūtohu matataki hoki hei tirotiro i te paetahi. Ka tono ngā kaiwhakanoa nei ki ngā whenua iti, inā lā te roanga, te motokā, te huringa hau, me ngā taonga porihitanga, hei whakamana i ngā whakaaetanga mō ngā tūponotanga ā-wāhanga. Hei tirohanga anō hoki i ngā tari rangahau me te whakapakari i ngā momo hanga hou me te whakapai i ngā āhuatanga raupō. Ko ngā raupō karbona i hangaia e kōrerotia ai te nui o te rangatohu ki te mīti, te whakamutu hiko, me te tū tonu, kāore i te whakanuitia hei tūtohu mō ngā tūponotanga e hia nei te hiahia ki te hoko me te whakapono.