utu raupapa anuhe
Ko te utu o te karbona faihā hei whakaaro matua i ngā ratonga hangi hōhonu me ngā rōpū ingenihi a te wā. He materaka tēnei, e mohio ana ki tana āhuatanga pai rawa i waenganui i te kaha me te mana wehi ki te taumata wae, e pāngia ana ngā utu e rite tonu atu ana i ngā tohu kuaea, ngā mahi hanga, me te hiahia o te wharekura. Ko te karbona faihā i runga i te whakahaere ā-poro i te hanga i tēnā iho mai i te $10 ki te $24 ki te pao, nō reira ko te materaka karbona faihā mo ngā rangi e kitea nei i te $35 ki te $100 ki te pao. Ko te whakarāpopototanga o te utu he whakaatu i te hanga whaimana, e hīmata ana i te whakawhiti i te pora akirilonitrile (PAN) i mua ki ngā hukahuka karbona kaha nui i waenganui i te whakapai pai o te whakamamae me te whakakopikopiko. Ko ngā take wharekura, e hāngai ana ki te waweke o ngā materaka i mua, ngā utu ēnei, me te wehenga hanga, e whiu whakamārama atu ana ki te utu. I kitea noa iho e te whenua o te karbona faihā ngā whakangungu hanga i te wā, ka hokiwhiti atu ki ngā momo hanga e pai ake ana, ka whakatika atu tēnei materaka pai ki waenganui i ngā rōpū e hia顿ai ana, inahea ko te motokā, ngā rangi, ngā taonga porihanga, me te hangaihanga. Nā ngā whakangungu hanga i te wā e hāngai ana ki te utu tuhituhi, ahakoa ko ngā tohu pai rawa i te whakamahi me ngā tohu pai hoko e hiahainga ana.